Notes and references
for the
Hypnotica self hypnosis Web site.

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, The

anorexia nervosa

Often referred to as just anorexia. The opposite of obesity. Frequently found in teen age girls and young women from affluent communities who succeed in losing the weight that others only talk about losing. The anorexic does have an appetite but it is strongly suppressed. By rigid control of eating, the anorexic avoids foods that she understands to be fattening. The anorexic has a phobia of being fat and often has a distorted body image, seeing herself in the mirror as fatter than she really is. Amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation) is an early characteristic of anorexia. Some anorexics learn to induce vomiting or purging following eating binges. When this behavior becomes habitual it is called bulimia nervosa.

Arons, H. and Bubeck, M. F. H. The Handbook of Professional Hypnosis. Power, 1971.

Australian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, The

Bailey, Covert. Smart Exercise: Burning Fat, Getting Fit. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1994.

Bandler, R., and Grinder, J. Frogs Into Princes. Real People Press, 1979.

Bliss, E. L. Multiple Personality, Allied Disorders and Hypnosis. Oxford University Press, 1986.

bulimia nervosa

A serious mental disorder characterized by periods of bingeing (extreme overindulgence in food) followed by purging, including induced vomiting. Frequent repetition of the cycle of bingeing and purging eventually leads to serious medical complications like dental decay, stomach rupture, or dehydration. Depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are associated features. The condition can be fatal.

deductive logic

Reasoning from the general to the specific. Example: "(A) All fat people are jolly. (B) I want to be jolly. (C) Therefore I want to be fat." The conclusion (C) of this syllogism is logically correct but factually incorrect because it is based on an incorrect major premise (A). (Not all fat people are jolly.) Inductive logic is required to logically discover the falseness of (A). The subconscious mind functions only with deductive logic. Compare inductive logic.

dysfunction

Disordered or impaired functioning of a bodily system, organ or mind. A subconscious belief, attitude or value (BAV) is considered dysfunctional if it (1) does not realistically and significantly contribute to your preservation, protection or procreation, and (2) it somehow is in opposition to or blocks the achievement of a specific conscious goal.

ectomorph

A body type characterized by a fragile physique, slender, with a slight body build. See mesomorph.

Ellenberger, Henri F. The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books, 1970.

endomorph

A body type characterized by soft and round body features with a marked tendency to become fat. See mesomorph.

Ethology and Sociobiology: Official Journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society. Published by Elsevier Science Inc., 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010.

Gordon, Jesse E. Handbook of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1967.

Grinder, J.; DeLozier, J.; and Bandler, R. Patterns of the Hypnotic Technique of Milton H. Erickson, M.D. Meta Publications, Vol. I, 1975; Vol. II, 1977.

Hamachek, Don E. Encounters with the Self. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1971.

Henderson, Charles E. You Can Do It with Self-hypnosis. New York: Prentice Hall, 1983.

ideomotor questioning

A method of getting information directly from the subconscious mind using tools like the Chevreul pendulum, automatic writing, or the Ouija Board. See the article on Ideomotor Questioning. There is also a cassette tape available with instructions for this process.

inductive logic

Reasoning from the particular to the general. Arriving at conclusions about an entire class from examination of limited numbers of the class. The logic of the scientific method. Example: "I saw a white crow, therefore not all crows are black." Induction is not available to the subconscious mind. Compare deductive logic. See also the article on Suggestion.

inoculation

To favorably introduce something into the mind in such a way that its later, unfavorable introduction will be less effective. The anticipatory development of resistance prior to an expected attack. "The smell of tobacco smoke will not be particularly pleasant nor will it tempt me to smoke again," is an example of an inoculation suggestion.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, The

Jaynes, Julian. The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1976.

Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 276, Number 4, 1997.

Hypnosis and relaxation techniques ease pain and insomnia according to the findings of a National Institutes of Health 12-member panel of family doctors, disease specialists, public health officials and others. They found strong evidence that relaxation techniques reduced chronic pain associated with a variety of conditions, including cancer. Hypnosis also was helpful in treating pain from cancer, irritable bowel syndrome and tension headaches.

Key, Wilson Bryan. The Clam-Plate Orgy. New York: Signet, 1980. (Out of print.)

__________. Media Sexploitation. New York: Signet, 1976. (Out of print.)

__________. Subliminal Seduction. New York: Signet, 1974. (Out of print.)

Klinger, Eric. Meaning & Void: Inner Experience and the Incentives in People's Lives. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1977.

Klinger, E. Structure and Functions of Fantasy. Wiley-Interscience, 1971.

LeCron, L. M. (Ed.) Experimental Hypnosis. The Citadel Press, 1972.

masochism

Masochism in clinical terms is a psychosexual disorder in which erotic release is achieved through having pain inflicted on oneself. The term is often used in a looser social context in which masochism is defined as the behaviour of one who enjoys humiliating or abusing others.

Mason, A. A. Medical Hypnosis. Paul B. Hoeber Inc., 1960.

mesomorph

A body type characterized by a husky muscular body build. See ectomorph.

obesity

Also known as corpulence or fatness, obesity is the excessive accumulation of body fat, usually caused by eating more calories than the body can use. The excess calories are then stored as fat, or adipose tissue. Overweight, if moderate, is not necessarily obesity, particularly in muscular or large-boned individuals. In general, however, a body weight that is 20 percent or more above optimum weight is considered obesity. Obesity can be the result of many factors. Although often claimed by the obese to be the cause of their weight problem, hormone imbalances and glandular defects are found in only about 5 percent of all obese individuals.

sadism

Sadism is generally considered a psychosexual disorder in which sexual urges are gratified by the infliction of pain on another person. The satisfaction of the sadist may result not from inflicting actual physical pain but rather from the mental suffering of the victim. Sexual urges may limit the level of violence, but in some cases the aggressive impulse becomes predominant and the sadist progresses to more extreme expressions of his violent tendencies. Sadism may be a factor in some violent crimes, particularly rape and murder. The term sadism is often used outside the sexual context to describe people who are purposely cruel or who get pleasure from humiliating and dominating others in social situations.

Sears, Barry. With Bill Lawren. The Zone: A Dietary Road Map. New York: ReganBooks, 1995.

Sears, Barry. Mastering the Zone: The Next Step in Achieving Superhealth and Permanent Fat Loss. New York: ReganBooks, 1997.

Sheldrake, Rupert. The Presence of the Past: Morphic Resonance and the Habits of Nature. New York: Vintage Books, 1988.

Watzlawick, Paul. How Real is Real?: Confusion, Disinformation, Communication: An Anecdotal Introductions to Communications Theory. New York: Vintage Books, 1976.

Watzlawick, Paul. (Ed.) The Invented Reality: How Do We Know What We Believe We Know? (Contributions to Constructivism). New York: W.W. Norton, 1984.

Watzlawick, P.; Weakland, J.; and Fisch, R. Change: Principles of Problem Formation and Problem Resolution. New York: W.W. Norton, 1974.

Weitzenhoffer, Andre M. General Techniques of Hypnotism. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1957.

Whyte, Lancelot Law. The Unconscious before Freud. London: Tavistock Publications, 1959.

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